哈德逊河空中碰撞

关于哈德逊河空中相撞事件

8月8日有9人死亡, 2009, when a Eurocopter AS 350 BA tour helicopter operated by a licensed commercial pilot for Liberty Helicopter Tours and a Piper PA-32R- 300 plane operated by a licensed private pilot collided in mid-air over the Hudson River. 那些失去的, 包括两名飞行员, five Italian tourists on board the helicopter and two passengers on board the airplane.

Radar data and witness statements indicate that the aircraft collided at 1,100英尺 in the vicinity of Stevens Point. Most of the wreckage fell in to the Hudson River; however, 飞机上的一些小碎片, including the right main landing gear wheel, fell on land within the city limits of Hoboken, 新泽西. The majority of the helicopter was recovered on August 9, 2009, with the exception of the main rotor and transmission. The airplane wreckage, with the exception of both wings, was recovered on August 11, 2009. Data indicates that weather was not a contributing factor.

Both the helicopter and Piper plane had entered the Hudson River air corridor within minutes before the 11:53 a.m. 碰撞. The helicopter departed West 30th Street Heliport in New York for a sightseeing tour at 11:52 a.m. The airplane departed Teterboro Airport in 新泽西, at 11:49 a.m. en route to Ocean City Municipal Airport in 新泽西.

Hudson River Air Corridor and Traffic Collision Avoidance Systems

The Hudson River air corridor is frequently crowded with a high volume of sightseeing aircraft that operate in an unregulated yet established air traffic pattern. Similar to a parade in the sky, the aircraft get in line and follow traffic ahead of them. Pilots experienced in the local air traffic pattern are accustomed to the procedures and go with the flow of the traffic, rather than try to create their own route. However, this is not the only way, or even the optimal way, to manage air tour traffic.

目视飞行规则(VFR)

在坠机的时候, both aircraft were operating under 目视飞行规则(VFR) as permitted at the time by the FAA in the Hudson River air corridor below 1,100英尺. Under VFR, pilots may fly under a 碰撞 avoidance mode known as "see and avoid." Air traffic controllers may assign altitudes and headings, but pilots are responsible for looking out for and avoiding other aircraft in the corridor. If air traffic controllers become aware of an aircraft in an unsafe position, 他们必须发出安全警报. Pilots also can use transponders to appear on air traffic control monitors to help navigate in "see and avoid" situations.

泰特波罗空中交通管制中心

On 2009年8月8日, the 泰特波罗空中交通管制中心 Tower was short staffed, with only two controllers out of five on at the time of the crash. One controller had been in contact with the airplane pilot, monitoring potential traffic conflicts on ATC monitors, 包括自由之旅直升机, 在坠机前几分钟. He did not advise the pilot to turn to resolve the conflicts. The Teterboro controller then attempted to contact the airplane but the pilot did not respond. The 碰撞 occurred shortly thereafter. A review of recorded air traffic control communications showed that the pilot did not call Newark before the accident occurred.

联邦航空局制定哈德逊规则

Three months after the 碰撞, the Federal 航空 Administration (FAA) made 永久的改变 to the Hudson River Airspace Corridor flight rules. 这就是著名的哈德逊法则, the new regulations place stricter guidelines on flying over the Hudson and East Rivers, 要求飞行员, among other things to "maintain a speed of 140 knots or less; turn on anti-碰撞 and aircraft position/navigation lights, if equipped; announce their position on specific radio frequencies, and carry current charts for the airspace and be familiar with them."

联系航空律师

If you or someone you know is interested in seeking legal recourse due to wrongful death or personal injury as a result of an aircraft incident, please contact 五颜六色的大米 aviation attorney and former Inspector General of 美国.S. 交通部， 玛丽舒阿佛 或者航空律师 詹姆斯·R. Brauchle by 电子邮件 或者拨打+ 1800.868.6456.

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